For antique enthusiasts and collectors, there are few finds as exciting as a genuine antique tricycle in excellent condition. These childhood relics from the late 19th and early 20th centuries are increasingly rare and highly sought after. Some of the most prized antique tricycles have sold for upwards of $20,000 at auction!
Whether you‘re an avid collector looking for that next great find, or you have an old tricycle gathering dust in your attic, this in-depth guide will tell you everything you need to know about antique tricycle valuation and identification. We‘ll explore the fascinating history behind these vintage vehicles, reveal how to spot an authentic antique tricycle, share the key factors that determine value, and provide expert tips for buying and selling. Let‘s get started!
The Evolution of the Tricycle: A Brief History
The first known tricycle was invented way back in 1680 by a German paraplegic named Stephan Farffler. As a master watchmaker, Farffler used his expertise with gears and cranks to create a hand-powered three-wheeled vehicle to transport himself. This early invention planted the seed for the development of both tricycles and wheelchairs.
Over a century later in 1789, French inventors Blanchard and Maguier created the first pedal-powered tricycles. It was around this time that the terms "tricycle" and "bicycle" first appeared in print in a Parisian newspaper article about these new contraptions.
However, tricycles didn‘t become a mainstream success until the late 19th century. In 1877, James Starley introduced the "Coventry Rotary" tricycle featuring a large wheel on one side to balance the weight of the rider. When Queen Victoria herself ordered one, the Coventry Rotary surged in popularity.
By the 1870s, tricycles were embraced as a safer, more stable alternative to bicycles, especially as roads became busier with other vehicles. The third wheel allowed women wearing long skirts to easily mount and ride tricycles in a dignified manner. Many gentlemen also preferred tricycles as a more refined mode of transportation.
The first tricycles designed specifically for children appeared in the 1880s. Typically made of wood and steel, these early kids‘ tricycles planted the seed for the iconic Radio Flyer tricycles that would later become a fixture of American childhood. Throughout the late 19th century, innovations like rubber wheels, spoked wheels, and chain drives were added, paving the way for the classic tricycle designs of the early 20th century.
Though trikes for tots are still beloved today, the tricycle‘s popularity among adults waned in the early 1900s as bicycles became safer and automobiles became more accessible. As a result, most tricycles manufactured after the 1930s are considered "vintage" rather than antique. For the purposes of this article, we‘ll define an "antique" tricycle as one made before 1930.
How to Identify an Authentic Antique Tricycle
One of the biggest challenges for antique tricycle collectors is verifying the authenticity of a find. With antique tricycles fetching such high prices these days, reproductions and "frankenbikes" cobbled together from newer parts have become increasingly common. Here are some key elements to look at when determining if that rusty old tricycle is the real deal:
Frame Material
The frames of antique tricycles were typically made of steel. If you see a shiny chrome frame, that‘s a sure sign of a reproduction. Genuine antique steel frames often have a darker patina or surface rust from decades of oxidation. Chemical rust applied to a newer frame tends to have a splotchy, reddish-orange appearance as opposed to the richer, darker brown of natural rust.
Wheels and Tires
Early tricycle wheels were made of wood (often with steel rims) or steel spokes with solid rubber tires. Pneumatic tires were a later invention, as were bicycle-style wire spokes. If the wheels have a modern plastic or synthetic rubber appearance, they‘re not original to the tricycle.
Fasteners
Inspect the nuts and bolts holding the trike together. Phillips head screws didn‘t appear until the 1930s, so their presence is a red flag. Antique fasteners were usually slotted or square-headed. Also, look at the bolts – genuine antique bolts typically had four sides, while modern bolts have six.
Welding and Soldering
Prior to the 1890s, tricycles were not welded together, as welding requires electricity. Antique trikes were assembled with nuts and bolts or soldering. Evidence of welding, especially on an early tricycle, is a strong indicator that some of the parts are newer.
Decorative Elements
Steer clear of tricycles with decorative elements that seem geared more toward nostalgia or functionality than authenticity. Things like steamers, tassels, toolboxes, and placards are highly unlikely to be original to the tricycle. Stick to trikes with simple, classic designs.
Notable Antique Tricycle Brands and Models
To help with your identification and valuation efforts, it‘s a good idea to familiarize yourself with some of the most prominent antique tricycle makes and models. Here are a few of the most sought-after antique tricycles and their key distinguishing features:
1870s-1880s
- Coventry Rotary: Starley‘s original design featuring one oversized wheel and treadles
- Singer XtraOrdinary Challenge: A "safety tricycle" with two smaller wheels in back
- Rudge Rotary: Unique "bath chair" style allowing rider to sit between two large wheels
1890s
- Beeston Humber Tandem: An early example of a two-seater tricycle
- Columbia Two Track: Patented steering system keeps wheels parallel on straightaways
- Crypto-Geared Tricycle: Among the first tricycles with gears for increased speed
Early 1900s
- Gamages Juvenile: Classic ride-on horse tricycle that could be steered with reins
- Irish Mail: Lever-action tricycle powered by pumping a handle back and forth
- Gendron Pioneer: Chain-driven tricycle with 12" wire-spoked wheels and solid tires
The above is only a small sampling of the many antique tricycles a collector may encounter. When in doubt about a specific tricycle, consult identification guides, collector‘s manuals, and antique experts for insight.
Factors That Determine Antique Tricycle Value
Now that you have a better idea of how to identify an antique tricycle, let‘s look at the key factors that impact value. As with any antique appraisal, the value of an old tricycle depends on a combination of considerations. The main ones are:
Age
In general, older antique tricycles are more valuable than newer ones. A trike from the 1860s or 1870s can fetch a much higher price than one from the 1920s, all else being equal. However, age alone doesn‘t tell the full story. A newer trike in pristine condition may be worth more than an older one in poor shape.
Rarity
Rare tricycles are more valuable than common models. Tricycles with unusual designs or from lesser-known manufacturers tend to be more sought after by serious collectors. Limited edition trikes or models only sold in certain regions can also carry a higher price tag due to their scarcity.
Condition
As you might expect, condition has a huge impact on an antique tricycle‘s value. The ideal find is a tricycle that has been carefully preserved for over a century and is still in ridable condition. However, even trikes with some damage or missing parts can be valuable if the wear is consistent with the age and the tricycle is otherwise authentic.
Provenance
Tricycles with a special history or ownership records tend to be more valuable, especially if they can be tied back to a notable figure. For example, an antique tricycle ridden by a celebrity or member of a royal family would be highly coveted by collectors. Similarly, a tricycle with a well-documented history of being owned by one family for multiple generations would likely fetch a premium.
Antique Tricycle Price Guide
Valuating an antique tricycle is notoriously tricky due to the rarity of these items and the many variables involved. However, by examining verifiable records of antique tricycle sales, we can get a general sense for what these vehicles sell for in today‘s market.
On the low end, a common but authentic antique tricycle in fair condition may sell in the $200 to $500 range. A nicer example of a more obscure or earlier model could fetch between $1,000 and $3,000. Only the most exceptional antique tricycles break into the five-figure range.
For some perspective, here are a few examples of record-setting antique tricycle sales in recent years:
- 1897 Tidrick Tricycle: Sold for $21,060 in 2014
- 1868 Velocipede Tricycle: Sold for $19,890 in 2013
- 1885 Victor Adult Tricycle: Sold for $9,775 in 2007
- Early 19th Century Child‘s Horse Tricycle: Sold for $11,250 in 2015
Again, sales like these are extremely rare and represent the best of the best in terms of rarity and condition. For a more accurate valuation of your specific antique tricycle, your best bet is to have it appraised by a qualified antique dealer or speciality auction house. Online price guides and collector forums can also provide some guidance.
Expert Tips for Buying and Selling Antique Tricycles
Whether you‘re in the market to purchase that perfect antique tricycle or you‘re looking to get top dollar for one you own, here are some tips to keep in mind:
Buying Antique Tricycles
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Educate yourself on the key characteristics of different antique tricycle models and brands. Reference books on antique riding toys are a great place to start.
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Request multiple detailed photos from the seller, including close-ups of the frame, wheels, and any damaged areas. Don‘t be afraid to ask for additional information on the tricycle‘s history and working condition.
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If the price seems too good to be true, be extra cautious. Consult an expert if needed to verify the authenticity before making a big investment.
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Consider your budget and collect goals. Are you looking for a museum-quality piece or a ridable tricycle you can enjoy with your family? Adjust your expectations accordingly.
Selling Antique Tricycles
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Have the tricycle professionally cleaned and any minor damage or rust spots repaired. A little restoration can go a long way in boosting value.
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Research your tricycle‘s history and gather any ownership records or period photos you may have. The more provenance you can provide, the better.
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Take high-quality photos of the tricycle from multiple angles in good lighting. Capture any unique details or decals that could help with identification.
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Consider enlisting an auction house that specializes in antique toys to handle the sale. They can help with authentication, valuation, and connecting with interested buyers.
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Be patient! The market for high-end antique tricycles is relatively small, so it may take some time to find the right buyer. Don‘t get discouraged if the tricycle doesn‘t sell right away.
Collecting antique tricycles can be a highly rewarding hobby on many levels. These beguiling vehicles represent not only a fun piece of history, but also a sound investment when approached with an informed eye. Whether you‘re hoping to recapture a piece of your own childhood, or looking for an offbeat way to diversify your portfolio, antique tricycles may just be the perfect fit.
We hope this guide has equipped you with the knowledge you need to confidently dive into the world of antique tricycles. Remember to always do your research, consult experts, and collect what you love. Happy hunting!
