Pekingese vs Shih Tzu: Which Should I Choose? (With Pictures)

When it comes to choosing the perfect petite companion dog, the Pekingese and Shih Tzu are two enchanting breeds that often catch the eye. With their regal bearings, luxurious coats, and undeniably adorable expressions, it‘s no wonder these ancient Chinese lapdogs have won hearts around the world. But beyond their surface similarities, the Pekingese and Shih Tzu are distinct breeds with their own unique charms. If you‘re torn between these two tiny titans, read on for an in-depth look at how they compare—and which might be the ideal match for you and your household.

Ancient Origins, Enduring Appeal

Both the Pekingese and Shih Tzu trace their roots back to ancient China, where they enjoyed lives of pampered luxury as companions to royalty and nobility. Pekingese, also known as "sleeve dogs," were favored by members of the imperial court during the Tang Dynasty over 2,000 years ago. These small dogs were believed to have lion-like qualities and served as both companions and miniature guardians. Shih Tzu, on the other hand, were developed in the palaces of Tibet, perhaps as recently as the 17th century. Considered holy dogs, they were gifted to Chinese emperors and became cherished pets in the Forbidden City.

These regal breeds remained largely isolated in China until the 19th and 20th centuries, when they began to capture the hearts of dog lovers in the West. Today, Pekingese rank 92nd and Shih Tzu 20th out of 204 breeds in popularity according to the American Kennel Club (AKC). Though no longer found only in palaces, these charismatic companions can still bring an air of royalty to any home.

Petite Stature, Abundant Allure

At first glance, Pekingese and Shih Tzu can be hard to tell apart. Both are small, sturdy dogs with round heads, short snouts, and ample coats. Yet a closer look reveals key differences:

• Size & Structure: Pekingese weigh 14 pounds or less and stand 6-9 inches tall. They have stockier, more muscular builds and distinctively short legs. Shih Tzu are slightly larger at 9-16 pounds and 8-11 inches tall, with longer legs and a more solid body type.

• Coat Type & Colors: Both breeds boast double coats, with a dense undercoat and long, silky topcoat. However, the Pekingese‘s coat is thicker and forms a luxurious mane around the shoulders, while the Shih Tzu‘s coat has a more flowing appearance. Pekingese come in various colors including gold, red, sable, black, and cream; Shih Tzu may be any color, and often have white markings.

• Facial Features: A Pekingese has a very flat face with a pronounced stop and an undershot jaw. Their eyes are large, round, and darkly rimmed, giving an almost human expression. Shih Tzu have slightly longer snouts, less prominent stops, and wide-set eyes that convey a sweet, playful look.

• Unique Traits: Pekingese have several signature physical features, including a rolling gait, heart-shaped ears that lie flat, and a "thumb mark" (wrinkle) on the forehead. Shih Tzu are known for their round, wide heads, short and square bodies, and chrysanthemum-like face furnishings.

While both breeds possess an undeniable toy-breed appeal, their physical differences suit them to slightly different tastes and lifestyles.

Bold Hearts in Small Packages

In terms of temperament, Pekingese and Shih Tzu share some core qualities. Both are deeply devoted to their families, thrive on human companionship, and make affectionate, even cuddly pets. As small dogs bred for royal companionship, they can be prone to separation anxiety if left alone too long—these are not dogs content to spend all day by themselves. Yet from there, some key contrasts emerge:

Pekingese are known for their dignified, almost aloof demeanor. Though loving with family, they can be reserved or even suspicious with strangers, making them excellent watchdogs. Pekingese are famously brave (some might say stubborn) and won‘t hesitate to stand up for themselves, even against much bigger dogs. While good with older, respectful children, Pekes may not tolerate rough handling from overeager youngsters or rambunctious pets.

Shih Tzu, in contrast, are outgoing, friendly dogs who eagerly greet guests and get along with other pets. They tend to be hardier and more tolerant with children, though all interactions between dogs and small kids should be supervised. This is a merry, lively breed with a more openly affectionate nature than the Pekingese. While Shih Tzu can have a stubborn streak, they are generally more amenable and adaptable little dogs.

Both breeds make alert watchdogs, but a Pekingese is more likely to be a serious guardian, while a Shih Tzu will probably just bark to alert you, then try to make friends. A Pekingese wants to be in charge, but a Shih Tzu is usually happy just to be involved.

Moderate Exercise, Maximum Fun

As small companion dogs, Pekingese and Shih Tzu don‘t need strenuous exercise—but that doesn‘t mean they should be couch potatoes. Both breeds require daily walks and playtime to stay fit, stave off obesity, and burn off pent-up energy that can otherwise fuel behavior problems.

A Pekingese is built for short bursts of activity rather than endurance. These low-key lapdogs are typically satisfied with a couple brief walks per day at a leisurely pace, plus some indoor playtime. High heat and humidity can be hazardous for these flat-faced dogs, so outdoor exercise should be avoided in hot weather.

Shih Tzu are a bit hardier and more playful than Pekes. They often retain a puppy-like love of games and toys well into adulthood. While a daily 30-minute walk and some active play sessions will meet the typical Shih Tzu‘s needs, some enjoy (and may need) more activity, especially if indulged with too many treats.

Both breeds can adapt well to apartment life, but do require daily outings and ample human interaction. Without sufficient exercise and attention, they may become bored, anxious, and yappy. But with proper care and an outlet for their natural charms, both Pekingese and Shih Tzu can thrive even in small spaces.

Training Tenacious Toy Breeds

Like many toy breeds, Pekingese and Shih Tzu can be a challenge to train. Both are intelligent dogs, but they‘re also independent thinkers with a stubborn streak a mile wide. Pushiness will only make these sensitive breeds shut down—or lash out if they feel threatened. But with a firm yet loving approach that relies on positive reinforcement, both can learn to be well-behaved companions.

Since Pekingese tend to be one-person dogs, they can be harder to motivate and may simply tune you out if they‘re not in the mood. It‘s essential to start training early, keep sessions short and fun, and consistently reward the behaviors you want. Housetraining can be an especial challenge for this breed, so crate training is often recommended.

Shih Tzu are a bit more eager to please and people-oriented than Pekes, so they may be slightly more trainable with the right approach. Because these little charmers were bred to be companions rather than workers, they respond best to gentle guidance and ample rewards. Like Pekingese, they can be difficult to housetrain, so crate training and a regular schedule are musts.

For both breeds, early socialization is key to prevent fearfulness, snappishness, and other problem behaviors. Even if you don‘t plan on taking your Peke or Shih Tzu to the dog park, it‘s important they learn to feel at ease around new people, pets, and situations from a young age. A well-socialized Peke or Shih Tzu is a joy to live with and take places—a true ambassador for their ancient breeds.

Glamorous Grooming Needs

If you‘re drawn to the luxurious locks of the Pekingese and Shih Tzu, be prepared to put in some quality time with the brush and comb. Both breeds have long, dense double coats that require regular grooming to stay healthy and mat-free.

The Pekingese‘s profuse mane and feathering demand serious upkeep. Daily brushing and combing is a must to prevent tangles and keep the coat looking its best. Regular bathing, at least every three weeks, helps skin and coat stay clean and healthy. Many pet owners opt to have their Peke‘s coat trimmed short (the "lion cut") to reduce grooming time. Those tiny flat faces need attention too: wrinkles should be kept clean and dry, and eyes gently wiped to remove discharge.

Shih Tzu also need daily brushing and regular baths to maintain their silky tresses. Many owners keep their Shih Tzu in a short "puppy cut" to make grooming more manageable, but even then, regular brushing is essential to prevent mats. This breed is also prone to tearstains, so daily face-washing is par for the course.

Besides coat care, both breeds need their nails trimmed regularly, ears checked and cleaned, and teeth brushed often (daily is ideal) to prevent dental disease. It‘s easiest to get your Peke or Shih Tzu used to a grooming routine from puppyhood—and it can be great bonding time for you both. With proper maintenance, these gorgeous companions will stay looking and feeling their best.

Health Issues to Watch For

Like all purebreds, Pekingese and Shih Tzu may be prone to certain health conditions. While many enjoy long, healthy lives, it‘s important for owners to be aware of these potential issues and how to minimize risks.

As brachycephalic (flat-faced) breeds, both Pekingese and Shih Tzu can suffer from breathing problems, especially in hot weather or with overexertion. Keeping these dogs at a healthy weight, using a harness instead of a collar, and avoiding heat stress are important precautions. Both may also be prone to dental issues like overcrowding, so regular vet check-ups and home tooth-brushing are key.

Other health concerns seen in Pekingese include eye problems (like cataracts and dry eye), skin fold dermatitis, patellar luxation (loose kneecaps), and intervertebral disc disease (IVDD). Shih Tzu may be susceptible to eye disorders (like cataracts and retinal dysplasia), hip dysplasia, patellar luxation, and hypothyroidism.

Choosing a responsible breeder who tests breeding stock for genetic disorders, feeds a high-quality diet, and provides a health guarantee for puppies is one of the best ways to stack the odds in your favor. Throughout your Peke or Shih Tzu‘s life, regular vet visits, maintaining a healthy weight, and staying up to date on preventive care like vaccinations and parasite control will help them feel their best.

Deciding Between Pekingese and Shih Tzu

Both Pekingese and Shih Tzu can make delightful companions for the right owners. While they‘re not a great fit for homes with very young children, screaming toddlers, or large, rambunctious dogs, they thrive with patient, attentive owners who can give them the care and companionship they crave.

The independent, strong-willed Pekingese is often best-suited for a quiet adult home where they can be the sole pet and center of attention. The more easygoing Shih Tzu typically does well with respectful children and is usually more open to meeting new people and pets.

Both breeds shed moderately and have fairly intense grooming needs, so prospective owners should be prepared for regular brushing and bathing routines. First-time or busy owners may want to consider a shorter haircut to make maintenance more manageable.

Given their low activity levels, both breeds can adapt well to apartment life or small homes, as long as they get a daily walk and plenty of playtime. However, Pekingese tend to be barky and prone to snapping if annoyed, so they may not be an ideal choice for close quarters with noise-sensitive neighbors.

If you‘re looking for a loyal, affectionate lapdog with a big personality in a petite package, either a Pekingese or Shih Tzu could be your perfect match. Those wanting a more playful, adaptable companion may lean toward the Shih Tzu, while those seeking a one-person dog with more of a regal air might prefer the Pekingese.

Whichever breed you choose, research breeders carefully, prepare to invest time in training and socialization, and be ready to provide a lifetime of love, care, and companionship. With their ancient histories and enduring charms, a Pekingese or Shih Tzu can bring joy, loyalty, and a touch of imperial splendor to your world for many years to come.