American vs European Shih Tzu: The Ultimate Comparison for Dog Lovers

For centuries, the Shih Tzu has reigned as one of the world‘s most beloved companion breeds. With their regal yet playful attitudes, luxurious coats, and irresistibly cute faces, it‘s no wonder these little "lion dogs" have captured so many hearts. But did you know there are actually two distinct types of Shih Tzu?

Yes, the American Shih Tzu and European Shih Tzu may be considered the same breed, but they have some notable differences in appearance and temperament. As a proud Shih Tzu parent myself, I‘ve become fascinated by the unique characteristics of each variety.

In this comprehensive guide, we‘ll take a closer look at the history of the Shih Tzu, break down the key differences between the American and European types, and help you figure out which one might be your ideal match. So grab a cup of tea, cuddle up with your furry friend, and let‘s dive in!

The Noble History of the Shih Tzu

The Shih Tzu‘s story begins in ancient China, where they were developed as companions for royalty. In fact, the breed‘s name comes from the Chinese word for "lion dog"—a nod to their lion-like appearance and courage.

Shih Tzu lived the pampered life in imperial palaces for centuries, but they nearly went extinct in the early 1900s during China‘s Communist Revolution. Fortunately, a few dedicated breeders managed to preserve the breed.

In the 1930s, the first Shih Tzu were brought to Europe, and breeding programs began there. American soldiers then brought the dogs back to the U.S. after World War II. The American Kennel Club recognized the breed in 1969, and their popularity has soared ever since.

Over time, the Shih Tzu bred in the U.S. and Europe began to diverge somewhat in terms of look and personality. While still adhering to the breed standard, different preferences emerged, resulting in the American and European Shih Tzu types we know today.

Tale of the Tape: American vs European Shih Tzu

Now let‘s examine the distinct features of the American and European Shih Tzu more closely. We‘ll see how they stack up in terms of appearance, temperament, and more.

American Shih Tzu

The American Shih Tzu is the type most commonly found in the U.S. They are bred to conform to the AKC‘s breed standard, which calls for a compact, sturdy little dog with a rounded head and abundant flowing coat.

Some key physical traits of the American Shih Tzu include:

• Compact, solidly built body with short, level back
• Height: 8-11 inches at shoulder
• Weight: 9-16 pounds
• Broad, round "apple dome" skull
• Large, round, wide-set eyes
• Short, square muzzle with pronounced underbite
• Heavily boned, muscular body
• Lush double coat, long and dense with lots of undercoat
• Tail heavily plumed and curled over back

Personality-wise, American Shih Tzu are known for being especially lively and outgoing. They have a playful, spunky spirit and tend to be very attached to their owners. While they are generally friendly dogs, they can sometimes be aloof with strangers.

European Shih Tzu

The European Shih Tzu, as the name suggests, has been bred more to European standards. While still possessing the hallmark Shih Tzu look, they have a slightly different build and personality compared to their American cousins.

Defining physical characteristics of European Shih Tzu include:

• Longer, leaner, more rectangular body shape
• Height: 8-11 inches at shoulder
• Weight: 9-16 pounds
• Slightly longer head with flatter top skull
• Eyes more oval-shaped and set closer together
• Longer, wider muzzle with less pronounced underbite
• Lighter bone structure and less muscular build
• Silky double coat, still long but not as dense
• Tail arched but not as heavily plumed

European Shih Tzu are said to have a calmer, more reserved demeanor than the boisterous American type. They are affectionate with their families but may take a little more time to warm up to new people and situations.

Comparison Chart

Trait	American Shih Tzu	European Shih Tzu
Body	Compact, sturdy	Longer, leaner
Weight	9-16 lbs	9-16 lbs
Head Shape	Broad, round	Longer, flatter top
Eye Shape	Round, wide-set	Oval, closer-set
Muzzle	Short, square	Longer, wider
Underbite	Pronounced	Less pronounced
Bone Structure	Heavy, muscular	Lighter, finer
Coat Density	Very thick, dense	Silky, less dense
Tail Carriage	Heavily plumed, curled	Arched, less plumed
Temperament	Lively, outgoing	Calmer, more reserved

Of course, these are generalizations and there can be plenty of overlap between the types. Ultimately, each Shih Tzu is an individual with their own unique qualities.

Health Concerns

Like all purebred dogs, Shih Tzu can be prone to certain hereditary health issues. Some of the most common include:

• Brachycephalic syndrome – breathing difficulties due to short snouts (affects up to 50% of breed)
• Eye problems like cherry eye, dry eye, cataracts, etc. (up to 30% of breed)
• Patellar luxation – slipping kneecaps (nearly 20% of breed)
• Dental disease – common in toy breeds (up to 80% of small dogs)
• Portosystemic shunt – liver abnormality (around 1% of breed)
• Intervertebral disk disease – spinal cord compression (up to 15% of breed)
• Bladder stones – more often in males (around 5% of breed)

While these statistics may sound alarming, the good news is that many of these issues can be managed or even prevented with proper care.

Be sure to choose a reputable breeder who performs health screenings on their breeding stock. Dr. Grace Taylor, a veterinarian with 20 years of experience, advises Shih Tzu owners:
"Routine vet care is a must for this breed. Keep your Shih Tzu at a healthy weight, brush their teeth daily, and follow your vet‘s recommendations for preventive care. Many Shih Tzu can live well into their teens with the right care."

Grooming a Gorgeous Coat

One of the Shih Tzu‘s most distinctive features is, of course, that amazing coat. Both American and European types have long, luxurious double coats that require regular attention to stay healthy and tangle-free.

Susan Davis, a professional groomer and Shih Tzu specialist, recommends brushing your Shih Tzu at least every other day:
"If you keep your Shih Tzu in a long coat, frequent brushing and combing is crucial to prevent mats. Be very gentle, especially around the delicate ears and underbelly. If you start grooming them at a young age and make it a positive experience, they will learn to enjoy it."

Many owners opt for a cute "puppy trim" to make maintenance easier. Even with a shorter cut, Shih Tzu still need regular baths, nail trims, and ear cleanings. If you‘re not able to keep up with grooming at home, make sure to budget for professional groomings every 4-6 weeks.

Coat care is just one aspect of Shih Tzu ownership to consider. As Anna Rodriguez, a longtime Shih Tzu owner from Miami, puts it:
"Yes, grooming can be time-consuming, but it‘s so worth it. When you see your freshly fluffed Shih Tzu prancing around with that little lion mane blowing in the breeze, it just melts your heart. These dogs were born to be spoiled and adored."

The Royal Treatment

Speaking of being spoiled, did you know many celebrities have fallen under the Shih Tzu‘s spell? Stars like Beyoncé, Colin Farell, Mariah Carey, Bill Gates, and even Queen Elizabeth II have all shared their lives with Shih Tzu. With their portable size and clownish antics, it‘s no surprise Shih Tzu fit right in with the jet-set crowd.

But you don‘t need to be rich and famous to give your Shih Tzu the royal treatment. Tracy Williams, an Illinois-based Shih Tzu breeder, explains:
"Shih Tzu may have an aristocratic air, but they are happiest when they are treated like a member of the family. They thrive on human companionship and love nothing more than being right by your side, whether that‘s snuggling on the couch or going for a stroll around the block."

Finding Your Perfect Shih Tzu

So you‘ve decided a Shih Tzu would be a great addition to your family—wonderful! Your next step is to find a responsible breeder or rescue organization.

Start by checking with the major kennel clubs in your area:

• American Kennel Club (AKC)
• Canadian Kennel Club (CKC)
• The Kennel Club (UK)
• Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI)

Each of these registries maintains lists of approved breeders who adhere to certain standards. You can also ask for referrals from your veterinarian or local Shih Tzu club.

When evaluating breeders, look for one who:

• Performs health screenings on breeding dogs
• Provides a written health guarantee
• Raises pups in a clean, spacious environment
• Socializes puppies to new people and situations
• Offers lifelong support to puppy buyers

Avoid breeders who always have puppies available, won‘t let you visit their facility, or can‘t provide health clearances.

While puppies are adorable, don‘t rule out adopting an adult Shih Tzu. Many wonderful dogs end up in rescues and shelters through no fault of their own. Adopting a Shih Tzu lets you skip the crazy puppy stage and often costs less than buying from a breeder.

Shih Tzu rescue organizations like [[LINK]] specialize in matching homeless Shih Tzu with loving forever families. Volunteers can help you find the right dog for your lifestyle and provide ongoing support throughout the adoption process.

Whether you choose an American or European Shih Tzu, and whether you buy from a breeder or adopt from a rescue, the most important thing is to find a dog who is a good match for your family.

Spend time talking with the breeder or rescue staff, meet the parents if possible, and ask lots of questions about temperament, training, and care. And of course, always trust your instincts. When you meet the right dog, you‘ll know!

A Little Dog with a Big Heart

It‘s easy to see why the Shih Tzu has been cherished as a companion for so many centuries. With their endearing good looks, larger-than-life personalities, and unwavering devotion to their humans, these little lion dogs have a way of stealing hearts wherever they go.

As author and dog lover Gail Miller writes in her book [[TITLE]]:
"Shih Tzu may be small in stature, but they have an immense capacity for love. They are not merely pets; they are treasured members of the family, sensitive souls who
seem to understand us better than we understand ourselves at times. It‘s no
wonder they were the chosen companions of kings and queens—Shih Tzu have a
noble spirit that commands respect."

Whether you prefer the spirited American Shih Tzu or the slightly more
self-contained European variety, you can be sure your life will never be the same once
you welcome one of these special dogs into your heart and home.

With their ancient royal roots and eternal puppy-like charm, Shih Tzu truly are "lion dogs"—fearless yet gentle, regal yet playful, a study in delightful contradiction. They remind us that even the smallest of creatures can have an enormous impact on our world.

So the next time you see a Shih Tzu strutting down the street with their little lion mane blowing in the breeze, take a moment to appreciate the long and fascinating history behind this magnificent breed. And if you‘re lucky enough to have a Shih Tzu of your own, go give them an extra cuddle and remember how blessed you are.

After all, it‘s not every day you get to be in the presence of royalty!